Pumped Hydroelectric Energy Storage

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Basic Technology CharacteristicsSMW-Info-button.png

PumpedHydro.PNG

Cross section of a pumped hydroelectricity station

How it Works: Gravitational potential energy ↔ kinetic energy ↔ electricity

Water is pumped up hill with excess electrical energy which is stored as gravitational potential energy. When energy is needed, water flows down through the generator to produce electricity.

Benefits:
  • Ability to integrate inverter-based renewables
  • Mature, flexible, bulk storage
Challenges:
  • Capital intensive
  • Geographical limits
  • Permitting (open-loop)
Technology Variations:
Applications: Bulk, long-duration services, power regulation and load following
AC RTE Efficiency: 70-85%
Cycle Life: 60-100 years1
Technology Readiness Level (TRL): 9 - Fully Mature
Installed Capacity: >160 GW